PSG has now secured the season-opening trophy on 14 separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match featuring the French league winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the scoring early on.
However, Marseille struck twice late to seize a shock lead. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the dying moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.